This week we are exploring the reasons that the US government sought colonial rule over regions of the Caribbean and South Pacific at the turn of the 20th century. The legitimacy of US authority over commonwealths like Puerto Rico, Guam, Samoa and even the statehood of Hawaii remain controversial issues in modern society. This week's blog asks that you read some articles on contemporary nationalist movements and analyze the call for independence that is becoming a strong political movement among indigenous people in these areas.
Directions:
Actively read the following articles on independence movements in Hawaii and Puerto Rico
A)Hawaii
http://www.hawaii-nation.org/rebuilding-kingdom.html
A)Hawaii
http://www.hawaii-nation.org/rebuilding-kingdom.html
Summarize the articles and explain the reasons why Puerto Rican and Hawaiian nationalists feel their homelands should be granted full independence by the US government.
In your opinion, would autonomy and self-rule benefit the people of Hawaii and Puerto Rico or exacerbate poverty and other problems that exist in these areas today? Explain using support from the article, your knowledge of history and any outside sources that you may use to further research this assignment. If you read other sources, be sure to cite the URL or newssource in your post.
In your opinion, would autonomy and self-rule benefit the people of Hawaii and Puerto Rico or exacerbate poverty and other problems that exist in these areas today? Explain using support from the article, your knowledge of history and any outside sources that you may use to further research this assignment. If you read other sources, be sure to cite the URL or newssource in your post.
minimum 200 words, please comment on the post of one of your peers.
Due Friday 3/7 before class.
23 comments:
tarina Meaders
f block
3/4/08
After reading the articles i got a better understanding of what it means to truly be imperialized and how paralyzing it can be towards a community.
The article on Hawaii's fight for sovereignity in the past and present explains how an infamous ex-convict-activist named Dennis "Bumpy" Kanahele created a small village inhabited by locals who wanted to adopt their old customs. They feel they should be granted full independence from the United States because it is the only way to retaliate against the imperialism and annexation of their country in the year 1893. Even though this event dates back to such a very long time ago it is more than obvious that the people are still affected by it that they would go to great limits to becomes a seperate power. They feel that their people the Kanaka Maoli lost their rights to their kingdom and their natural customs and way of living.The people in this town, mostly Bumpy are looking forward to feeling of achieving that state of pride that comes with fighting for something that is rightfully yours and winning it.
The second article titled "FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement" is about the misfortune of our commonwealth, Puerto Rico. My grandmother and the rest of her side of the family are all Puerto Rican natives, and my father tells me that Puerto Rico isn't in it's very best times. This article proves that observatio further. In the article written by Jessica Pupovac, she tells about Los Machetos, a legendary puerto rican independence group that obviously fought for the seperation of Puerto Rico from the US. Puerto Rico has been under U.S. control since the year of 1898 and even thought some would consider that a priviledge, the statistics and ratios of the island say otherwise. Mississippi is the poorest country in America, but if somehow the island of puertos rico has a per capita income less than that of the poorest country in the US, it's evident that something needs to be done. Most individuals firmly believe that Puerto Rico should recieve stolen land and able to branch off from the States...It is thought that if something goes well, Puerto Rico can grow into a perfectly, free and determined nation.
Seld Autonomy and self-rule only benfit countries that are willing to guide themselves through the dark times and act as the Geores Bush's and Bill Clinton's of their own community. I dont believe that trying to be an independent power is a negative factor, but it should only be attempted by people who are strongwilled and ready to make full changes as a team.
The article I have read about the native Hawaiian people wanting a part from the United States Rule. “Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom” by Thomas Alex Tizon. There was only eighty occupant’s lived there, which are native Hawaiians. Most occupants don’t know like outsiders, and people from the United States. There is one powerful person Dennis Kanahele he had made his village. Most occupants of Hawaii feel they should rule Hawaii because they have created the culture of there own atmosphere.The Polynesian Cultural Center, had taught tourist about there culture of the natives that had started Hawaii. They have there own customs and language and much more. I think it is not fair that the United States to invade The homeland of Hawaii. "FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement" by Jessica Pupovac which was about to be a downfall of Puerto Rico when Filiberto Ojeda Rio had died. The article said that when he was shot Jose Lopez said after the shooting the people of Puerto Rico were in fear, because an independent state of people are were very poor.
ashleyyyyyyyyyyy=]
Cherricka
The two articles were mainly about obataining land back from the U.S government. Hawaii and Puerto Rico is currently under U.S. control and natives are not too pleased with it. According to the Hawaii article Hawaiians want their lands to return back to Kanaka Maoli, the ancient Polynesians who settled the islands. In the Puerto Rico article, the Puerto Ricans want their lands back because of the killing of Filiberto Ojeda Rios, which the U.S. was supposedly linked to. "Filiberto Ojeda Rios was the founder and longtime leader of the Popular Boricua Army, or Los Macheteros, a militant wing of the Puerto Rican pro-independence movement. He was shot by FBI agents in his home on Sept. 23, 2005, at the age of 72, and left to bleed to death."
If at any point in the near future Hawaii and Puerto Rico were to conquer their lands back it wouldn't look good on their part. Yes, the U.S would be loosing a lot of money, but Hawaii and Puerto Rico would be on the verge to poverty. Their salaries are already low, yet they want self- rule. It won't happen and if so they would just give themselves to another country/continent. In my opinion, Hawaiians and Puerto Ricans should just stay right where they are. On wrong move can destroy everything.
Not depicted in commercials, Hawaii and Puerto Rico, two well known vacation spots, have more to them than sandy beaches and palm tress. In fact both U.S territories are undergoing struggle to be parted away from the United States. A usual thought from most dependent countries, Puerto Rico and Hawaii claim that the U.S is depriving them from their native culture. The two U.S territories feel that they deserve their sovereignty in retaliation to imperialism. Both territories are just adolescent children looking forward to college to leave their mother (America). America is being a very stubborn mother and is not allowing her kids to be free and blossom. I feel that if Hawaii and Puerto Rico leave America’s wing, there will be some Natives who want to stick to their conservative traditions (government) and others who would want a capitalist government because of the influence of America. This can possibly leave to a war, and even more costly a Genocide. However, I can understand Hawaii’s and P.R’s urge for their individual country. Everyone loves freedom! A commonly used phrased by dependent countries is best said by Hawaii’s last Queen, Lili’uokalani , “"The cause of Hawaii and independence is larger and dearer than the life of any man connected with it. Love of country is deep-seated in the breast of every Hawaiian, whatever his station." A numerous amount of people have a misconception that suggests that all a country needs is unity and drive. Yes this is all true, but this almost impossible for any country to obtain this. In response to Cherricka’s comment, if Hawaii and Puerto Rico gained independence from America their economy will improve with the implement of their own trade route and shipping system. Yes, America will loose some unpaid for goods but they can have an import/ export system together. Hawaii’s and Puerto Rico’s problem with America reminds me off a part of America’s bad history, slavery. Some Black community leaders feel that because blacks were oppressed by whites for so long, it set them back in today’s world. Though Black people are free now, some say they will always be behind in every aspect of American value because of slavery. Taking this into consideration, Hawaii and Puerto Rico might not be able to function in today’s world. They might end up living in poverty, like Cherricka suggested. We may never know until it happens. Perhaps, they can go through a mock trail off being an independent country.
~ Dijah...YO!
Yasmeen Sweatte
F Block
3.6.08
Blog Post: The article about Hawaii was basically, about Hawaii's fight for sovereignity and, how convict-activist by the name of Dennis Kanahele put together a village for people who wanted to adopt their old customs again. The people feel that they should be able to get back imperalism nad annexation in the year of 1893. It also talked about how the Kanaka Maoli people felt they lost their rights to their kingdom and natural customs. The "Bumpy" people are searching for achievement of completing somehting that is useful to fight for. The article "FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement". Jessica Pupovac talks about Los Machetoes, a Puerto Rican Independence group that fought for the separation of Puerto Rico from under the U.S. control since 1898. Alot of people believe that they should be granted stolen land and should be able to brake away from the United States. If their wish is ever to be granted, Puerto Rico will become a free and , highly motivated place. Autonomy and self-rule would exacerbate poverty of people in both Puerto Rico and Hawaii and other problems that still exist in these areas today as well. I believe this because, some people may be "fit" to guide themselves in the right direction, and some "might not be". So that alone might have a negative effect on both places just because, of the lack of immaturity of some of the people.
Blog Response: I agree with tarina 100% that if a group of people are striving to make their government strong,"it should only be attempted by people who are strongwilled and ready to make full changes as a team".
Conor McGinn
The people of both Hawaii and Puerto Rico want their full independence from the United States of America. The people from both areas feel that their land was unfairly taken from them by the United States.
In my opinion, giving these people autonomy and self-rule from the United States would destroy them. Starting as an independent nation is expensive, and a great deal of work such as new leadership, laws, economic relations, international relations, trade, and international market. Trying to establish themselves as independent nations would just increase the poverty and other problems the territories are currently facing. The United States of America is what gives these places life. The U.S. works hard to better these places so that they may flourish. A prime example of this is Hawaii earning statehood in 1959 after being bombed by Japan because of the United States Naval Base located in Pearl Harbor.
I disagree with Ashley that United States imperialism is unfair in these places. We are not taking away their culture. They are free to all their cultural practices, the United States is more of a guide to push these places in the right direction, and to make sure they do not fall flat on their faces. The people living in these places should be thanking the United States, not criticizing.
Ama Kwakye
March 6, 2008
"FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement" by Jessica Pupovac was about how Puerto Rico became corrupt once the late Filiberto Ojeda Rio died. Puerto Ricans wanted nothing more then their independence. The United States had always tried to colonize Puerto Rico. While the U.S. was trying to colonize the Puerto Ricans were also fighting back. Just as the United States colonizing the Philippines, all they wanted was land and natural resources. "Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom" by Tomas Alex Tizon was about the native Hawaiian people wanting to away from US rule. They wanted their own government and own laws. About eighty residents who lived there where ultimate native Hawaiians. The Hawaiians loved their independence and made there own everything even though they did want to be apart of the American culture. It’s better for America to just help and keep their own property because once they enter another country it causes war and people in the same country start to turn against one another. It was neither fair nor a smart Idea for the United States to try to colonize Hawaii or Puerto Rico. Even though sometimes the United States colonizing isn’t the best thing but sometimes it does bring wealth and prosperity to the country. Cultures do sometimes become destroyed once invasions begin. Every country deserves to have their own independence unless the country is failing and ASK's foe help.
I understand why countries dont like being colonised , its like when our parents always nag in our ears and are always telling us what to do. DOnt we like being independent and following our own rules. Well countries feel the same way- Dont you think? AMa
Melissa Coughlin
3/6/08
For so long, people have had imperialistic power over one another, and people have disliked it. Yet, that is the way the world is and it can be changed and probably will be over time. The first article, "Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom" talks about a town in Hawaii that "Hawaii was stolen by the United States". I am absolutely sure that so many different places must believe the same thing that these people believe, that the U.S. stole their country. Because the U.S. has so much power, they can take over a ton of other countries, with no harm felt by the U.S. because those countries would usually be very small and not powerful. Hawaii was the last state to be added to the union known asthe United States. Who knows if more states will be added over time? Who knows if the U.S. would have complete power over the whole world eventually? It could happen, but probably not for a super long time. The article entitled "FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement" is very interesting as well. In 1898, Puerto Rico has been under imperialistic control of the U.S. Yet, both in the U.S. and Puerto Rico there have been many groups formed to get rid of the American control in Puerto Rico. The FBI had cracked down on one organization and killed it's leader whom was 72 years of age. It's interesting because most people believe that these places are just tourist attractions, like Khadijat said, "Not depicted in commercials, Hawaii and Puerto Rico, two well known vacation spots, have more to them than sandy beaches and palm trees".
Saman Mahmood
Block-F
3/6/08
The first article,"FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement" by Jessica Pupovac, was about how corrupt Puerto Rico . In my opinion Puerto Rico is fight for the same reasons our country fight against the British. The colonies wanted some kind of representation in the monarchy at the time. The people of Puerto Rico want some kind of representation in our government, I find it so crazy how they aren’t allowed to vote in the presentations election, then how they really a part of the united states. Are the people Puerto Rico really citizens of the unites states. In my opinion, we are told that we live in a modern day democracy, how is that when everyone cant even vote and have the same Rights . 1/3 of the population is unemployed and half live under the poverty line. The poorest states in the unites states have much better living condition and programs for the poor. In the second article, “Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom" by Tomas Alex Tizon is about how the people of Hawaii are waiting for there independents. Most of Hawaii is native ( about 80%), the natives really want there independents from the unites states. They want to be able to male there owns laws, and vote for the own local leaders. Also a lot of the land that the Unites sates is using now was once of the Hawaii monarchy land. The Hawaii’s love there island, and there culture is very important to them , america custims alos come with america government. In my opinion the Unites states should have Hawaii, become into a democracy. In there history there government was also a lot like a democracy before the united states took over. I feel as if the people of Hawaii don’t live in a democracy,, so then how are they citizens of the untied states. What does the government do about regions like P.R and Hawaii? Is our government helping in any way to stop poverty in these region? How is the unites states doing the same to other , what the colonized were fighting with Britain about?
tarina and yazz make very goood pints as well, and i couldnt agree with them more. ama too, she said how we shouldnt just go and take over. they makes many problems for a nations.
peace .love. SAMANZIE
An article in the Los Angeles Times, “Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom” by Tomas Alex Tizon, describes the fight for sovereignty within native Hawaiians. When activist Dennis “Bumpy” Kanahele started the movement in the 1970's, many Hawaiians were doubtful. He believed that the U.S. imperialism of Hawaii in 1893 resulted in the loss of a kingdom and an ancient way of life. Supporting the Akaka Bill, “the legislation would lead to federal recognition of native Hawaiians in the same way that the government recognizes American Indians and Native Alaskans. It would also initiate a process under which native Hawaiians could set up their own government, giving them the same nation-within-a-nation status as Indian tribes.” To fight back for independence, Kanahele and his followers protested on lands owned by the state, also known as “the stolen lands”, and even built houses on the beach. After 15 months, his voice had finally been heard. “The governor’s office proposed a deal: IF Kanahele and his group vacated the beach peacefully, the state would give them a 45-acre parcel above Waimanalo in the foothills of the Koolau Mountains.” Accepting this offer, Kanahele and the protesters worked to transform the forest into roads and houses, calling it Pu’uhonua o Waimanalo. The best part of it all was that the state decided not to interfere with this kingdom inside a kingdom. Autonomy and self-rule would not benefit the people of Hawaii. The people of Pu’uhonua o Waimanalo work together and live together without the worries of being afraid of the government, or owing anything to anyone, yet this is only in a small 45- acre parcel on top of a mountain. If all of Hawaii were to separate from the U.S., they would face many issues and hardships. As Conor mentioned, Hawaii benefitted greatly from U.S. imperialism in 1959 after the Pearl Harbor bombing by the Empire of Japan.
Likewise, the AlterNet article, “FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement” by Jessica Pupovac describes the struggle for independence amongst the people of Puerto Rico. Currently a commonwealth, Puerto Rico has been under U.S. control since 1898. When Filiberto Ojeda Rios, founder and leader of the militant wing of a pro-independence movement, was killed by FBI agents, “all of Puerto Rico stood still.” Though the Popular Boricua Army hadn’t been in armed action of 15 years, the FBI still considered it a threat. "The idea that you can sell to the world that you are a democracy, a benign empire, that you struggle for human rights and self-determination -- the Puerto Rican independence movement is constantly challenging that.” Like Kanahele of Hawaii, Christopher Torres, Tania Frontera, and Julio Antonio Pabon Jr. received subpoenas by the FBI/NYPD Anti-Terrorism Task Force for trying to gain independence from the U.S. “Although Puerto Ricans are subject to U.S. laws, they have no representation in Congress and don't have the right to vote in presidential elections.” Furthermore, most Puerto Ricans are living in poverty, unemployment, and crime. Accordingly, autonomy and self-rule would only intensify poverty and create more problems within the people of Puerto Rico. Once again, as Conor stated, without guidance from the U.S. helping them to flourish, Puerto Rico would face deeper issues.
WRTTEN BY DEREK!!!!
The United States was looking forward to colonizing areas in the Caribbean and the South Pacific. Both of these regions had brought many problems since the turn of the 21st Century. Some areas like Hawaii and Puerto Rico question the legitimacy of the United States control over these Caribbean areas. The bill known as the Akaka Bill was informed by the United States Senate. This made natives in Hawaii more recognized by the Government. Some Natives wanted Senate to make another proposition and highly disagreed with this act. In Puerto Rico many people began an independence movement and they feel different from the Hawaiians point of view. The United States control over the Puerto Rico and Hawaii serves a good cause because now the United States have better military in the Caribbean. Also with the help of the United States these islands have more money and there voices are heard in the states as well. Now since Puerto Rico and Hawaii is part of the United States control poverty and many issues in these islands are being helped a lot more with the protection and guidance of the United States.
Tarina - G: Thoughtful but needs some editing (Mississippi is NOT a country.)
Ashley - N+: You didn't comment on another post and this is TOO SHORT!
Cherrika - G-: Thoughtful, I challenge you to write more.
Kadijat - E: Thoughtful and passionate, I wonder what "trial independence" would look like though.
Yasmeen - G: Thoughtful and informed, but WHY do you agree with Tarina? Support your argument!
Connor - G -: A little brief but accurate and analytical nonetheless.
Ama- G: Well done! It's clear you understand and empathize with both perspectives.
Melissa- G+: A little controversial - and I love a little controversey!
Saman - E-: Very thoughtful - but be sure to explain WHY you support the positions of your peers.
Cho - E-: Deeply analytical, solid text-based references, but remember to comment on the posts of your peers.
Loretta Au
In 1898, Hawaii became formally annexed to the United States. Queen LiliUokalani was overthrown by the U.S government and became a Queen puppet. The tension between Hawaiians and those of the U.S still exist. According to article written by Tomas Alex Tizon titled “Rebuilding a Hawaiian Kingdom”, for example, when tourists visit Hawaii, many Hawaiians make it obvious that they are unwanted. Kanahele, also known as “Bumpy”, is the most well known activist who is a descendant of King Kamehameha. For his accomplishments, Bumpy has been arrested several times. His effort to restore Hawaii though has been successful. A small village has been built to keep the traditions of Hawaii as a kingdom. You dig, brah?
As for Puerto Rico, nationalists feel their nation should be granted full independence by the US government because of the damage the US has already caused. Puerto Rico has been under US control since 1898. They do not have the rights of the US but must abide by US laws. Since the US took over Puerto Rico, they have drastically decreased economically. According to “FBI Witch Hunt Stokes Puerto Rican Independence Movement” by Jessica Pupovac, Puerto Rico’s beloved Filiberto Ojeda Rios was killed on September 23, 2005. Filiberto was the founder and leader of the Popular Boricua Army and was murdered by FBI agents in his home. The FBI agents were subjected to court. To this day, Puerto Ricans are struggling for their human rights and independence from the US.
In my opinion, autonomy and self-rule would benefit the people of Hawaii and Puerto Rico. The US restrains them from many basic things like trading and human rights. In both places, many are unemployed and the economy is dropping. Autonomy would benefit the people because it is what they’re fighting for and if their government system worked before the US came in, then they can continue in time. However, autonomy and self-rule would not benefit the US because we lose power and land. Also, the two places can attack and declare war.
Loretta Au
Response to Conor
I see your point when you say that autonomy in Hawaii and Puerto Rico would destroy them, but didn't they have their own government before? They can rebuild their nation and they have to start somewhere.
Shaun Quinto
As some parts of Hawaii try to stay native to their indegenous roots, other parts are starting to blend into American culture. The native Hawaiins are in search for Native American like recognition. They have grown too close and dependent on the US to completely separate. Hawaii and its Senators have put forth the Akaka Bill. This bill would have given the indigenous people of Hawaii their own land, just like Native Americans do. They would be able to set up their own government and consult with the US government on a regular basis. This bill was rejected, but Hawaiins aren't done with their fight for sovereignity. On the other hand in Puerto Rico, they have been trying to drive US military forces out of their country with their own force. They want to be a free country, without the help of the US, but what they don't know is how muc hthey need the US. Unlike Hawaii, P.R. is trying to fully gain independence and have no more help from the US government. Both of these former independent countries don't understand the importance of being helped by the US. America offers military support, and protects each of these places from foreign attack. America has one of the strongest armies in the world, and if we weren't here to help Hawaii and Puerto Rico, they would become very vulnerable to attacks. The economy of both former countries would decline steadily,from its already horrible poverty rate, until the newly formed government, which will take years to establish, is stable enough to fix the poverty rate. As the article stated, Puerto Rico has an average income of $20,058, which is lower than the poorest state in America, Mississippi. IF the US pulled out of P.R. that average income would drastically drop, because the extra jobs America provides for them will decline. Another major factor is tourism. If these places become idnependent, there will be a period of economci decline, and the tourist areas woudl feel thsi too. People wouldnt want to visit PR or Hawaii if they are going through a depression, so they would lose their tourist money. I also agree with Conor. The US isnt telling these places how to live their lives. They are still free to practice their indigenous culture. We dont have the right to tell them to modernize, but to compete with the global economy they ahve no other choice but to modernize.
Janell McBean
F-Block
After reading both articles pertaining to the nationalist movements in Hawaii and Puerto Rico, i agree with Tarina when she wrote about "the article on Hawaii's fight for sovereignity in the past and present explains how an infamous ex-convict-activist named Dennis "Bumpy" Kanahele created a small village inhabited by locals who wanted to adopt their old customs. They feel they should be granted full independence from the United States because it is the only way to retaliate against the imperialism and annexation of their country in the year 1893." This is very true, however in hawaii people also want to do however they please. This meaning wanting their own power over themselves. With Puerto Rico, it is said that it's "currently a commonwealth, has been under U.S. control since 1898. Although Puerto Ricans are subject to U.S. laws, they have no representation in Congress and don't have the right to vote in presidential elections. Though many Puerto Ricans fear changing the status quo and removing the island nation from U.S. tutelage, they are currently worse off economically than any state in the Union." Puerto Rico is under the rules of the U.S but they still stand alone, without being totally powered by the U.S. Puerto Rico has it's own power and they do not want to give that up, however, they are in danger. It is said that "Almost half of Puerto Ricans live below the poverty line, and a third of its population is unemployed." That is why the U.S wants Puerto Rico to come to an agreement towards surrendering their power over to the U.S. In my opinion it is only right for both, Hawaii and Puerto Rico to do what is right for all, not only for them.
According to the articles, Puerto Rico and Hawaii feel they should be granted their full independence from the United States government for several reasons. Most of the native people are completely against being under United States control and a victim of our imperialistic government. For example, Hawaii has its own culture with their own language. The article says that the United States stole Hawaii. Like Hawaii, Puerto Rico was also a victim of United States imperialism. The US has had control of Puerto Rico for over 100 years and like Hawaii they want their independence. The article talks about how even though they are owned by the United States and subject to US laws, they have no representation in congress and most of the people live in poverty compared to the the rest of America. Although it is understandable that Hawaii and Puerto Rico want their independence, without the US they would most likely be a lot worse off. America keeping control of them might not be right, but economically they would be in a worse situation if America no longer had control of them.
-Mike Cesaro-
Ciara :]
BlocK f
Many Hawaiian and Puerto Rican nationalists feel that their islands should be returned to their people. Throughout both islands there are groups of people who are striving to gain independence, and are willing to fight for it. In Hawaii, Dennis “Bumpy” Kanahele leads the natives who hope that eventually power will be returned to the Hawaiian natives. Kanahale had many followers who hoped for the same thing, even though they realized it would be a tough goal to reach. Eventually, after many years of struggle, the government granted Kanahele and his followers land. Today they live in their village, keeping strong their original Hawaiian customs. In Puerto Rico, a well known group called Los Macheteros, strive to gain their independence. Their leader, Filiberto Ojeda Rios, was recently murdered by FBI agents. Los Macheteros were more challenging of United States rule, and therefore were extremely punished for any illegal forms of defiance. The death of Rios only seemed to jump start the independence movements, as many more Puerto Ricans are striving for self-government. Many of these people feel that America is repressing the island, and therefore many Puerto Ricans are retaliating. I agree with Ama that if a people want independence they should be independent, without America stepping in. Unless the islands ask for help, there is no reason for America to intervene. The native people have the right to decide how they want to be governed, and should be as independent as any other nations. Although it may be a rough start for both islands, they are definitely capable of achieving their goals; especially because the natives from both islands are willing to work so hard to achieve their independence.
loretta - E: compelling post
shaun - E: thoughful and logical work
Janelle - G-: informed and analytical but a little late
Mike C -N: late and doesn't meet word requirement, but sharp. try to write more.
Ciara - G: Excellent work but late!
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